NTSB Factual Report

HISTORY OF FLIGHT

On May 28, 2014 about 1015 central daylight time, a Texas Helicopter Corp OH-13H/M74A agricultural helicopter, N51853, registered to the pilot, sustained substantial damage following a collision with trees and a building near Little Falls, Minnesota. The commercial pilot sustained serious injuries in the accident, was hospitalized, and later succumbed to those injuries. The aerial application flight was conducted under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 137. No flight plan was filed and visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The flight originated at 0945 from a nearby private agricultural staging area.

A witness traveling in his vehicle on a nearby highway saw the helicopter cross the highway and proceed in the direction of farm building that bordered a large field that the helicopter was spraying at the time. The witness said the helicopter was about 3/4 of the way down the field when it appeared to "hop," like it encountered an area of rising air. As the helicopter ascended it appeared to veer to the right. When the witness looked over at the helicopter again, it had pulled up to about twice the height of the trees, near the trees, and was rapidly spinning in circles. The witness lost sight of the helicopter when his vehicle passed trees alongside the road. After passing the trees, the witness looked back and saw smoke coming from one of the farm buildings.

The chemical truck operator who worked for the pilot stated they were staging about 1/2 mile from the field the pilot was spraying. He said there was nothing wrong with the pilot or helicopter on that day, nor did the pilot mention having any issues with the helicopter. He said that the pilot should have been mostly done treating the field at the time of the accident. He also said that the pilot was spraying the field in a direction that would have taken him over the field toward the farm buildings.

At 0944, the helicopter pilot contacted the Miller Army Air Field advisory frequency and informed them that he was going to be spraying a field northeast of the airfield and that he would be operating below100 ft for about an hour, and would call them after he was done. The advisory controller told the pilot that the nearby restricted area was active, the wind was 040 degrees at 5 knots, and the altimeter was 30.11 inches. The advisory controller said that was the only communications that she had with the helicopter.

Local law enforcement arrived on the scene to find the helicopter impacted into the roof of an all-metal pole shed. The pilot was found strapped in the helicopter pilot seat, unconscious, breathing, and with a pulse. The pilot was transported by helicopter to St. Cloud, Minnesota. The pilot subsequently died on June 5, 2014.

AIRCRAFT INFORMATION

The helicopter was a Texas Helicopter Corp OH-13H/M74A. The two-place, single-engine helicopter, serial number 78-021 was manufactured in 1978, and had a restricted special airworthiness certificate for the purpose of agricultural pest control, dated May 17, 2000.

The helicopter was powered by one Lycoming VO-435-A1F fuel-injected 4-cylinder horizontally opposed reciprocating engine, serial number L083-31, rated at 260 horsepower at 3,200 rpm.

According to the helicopter's logbook, the helicopter underwent a 100 hour/annual inspection on May 2, 2014. The helicopter's total time at the annual inspection was 7,686.0 hours, and the hour meter was 2,434.1 hours. The hour meter observed at the accident indicated 2,445.7 hours.

PILOT INFORMATION

The pilot, age 71, held a commercial pilot certificate with airplane, single-engine land and rotorcraft helicopter ratings. According to the pilot's logbook, the pilot had recorded approximately 17,370 total flying hours and 4,500 hours in the accident helicopter make and model. He had recorded having flown 25 hours in the preceding 90 days. The pilot successfully completed a flight review on April 1, 2013.

The pilot held a valid second-class medical certificate dated March 24, 2014, with a limitation for corrective lenses.

METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS

At 0959, the Routine Aviation Weather Observation at Little Falls, Minnesota, 10 miles south of the accident site, was wind 100 degrees at 3 knots, clear skies, 10 statute miles visibility, temperature 66 degrees Fahrenheit (F), dew point 43 degrees F, and altimeter 30.09 inches Hg.

WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATION

The wreckage debris path began with a large tree located 70 yards east-southeast of the helicopter main wreckage. Part of one of the tail rotor blades and several cut branches were located at the base of the tree. Cut and broken tree branches were found west of the tree along a line that ran toward the farm buildings. The main wreckage included the cabin, fuselage and tail boom, main rotor system, and the majority of the tail rotor system. The helicopter cabin, fuselage with the engine, transmission, and fuel tank, and the tail boom aft of the fuel tank, were embedded in the roof of a metal pole shed. The remainder of the tail boom and tail rotor rested against the east wall of the building, just beneath the helicopter cabin and fuselage. The main rotor was separated from the transmission and rested in a tree just adjacent to the main wreckage. The tree showed cuts and breakage from the helicopter impact. Flight control continuity was confirmed. The engine, transmission, and other helicopter systems were examined following removal of the helicopter from the building. The examination showed no pre-impact anomalies.

MEDICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL INFORMATION

The pilot died 8 days after the accident. The results of an autopsy performed on the pilot on June 6, 2014 by the Ramsey County, Minnesota, Medical Examiner, St. Paul, Minnesota, showed the cause of death to be complications of a closed head injury due to a helicopter crash.

The FAA's Civil Aerospace Medical Institute performed forensic toxicology on specimens from the pilot. The following drugs detected in fluids and tissues were the result of treatment administered to the pilot in the attempt to save his life:

Atropine detected in Blood (Heart)

Doxazosin detected in Liver

Doxazosin detected in Blood (Heart)

0.086 (ug/ml, ug/g) Lorazepam detected in Liver

0.027 (ug/ml, ug/g) Lorazepam detected in Blood (Heart)

Morphine detected in Liver

Morphine detected in Blood (Heart)

NTSB Probable Cause

The pilot's failure to maintain clearance from a tree at the edge of a field that he was spraying.