NTSB Factual Report

HISTORY OF FLIGHT

On May 29, 2010, at 1331 central daylight time, a Bellanca 7GCBC, N88399, piloted by a private pilot, was destroyed during an in-flight collision with terrain within 1/2 mile of the Watertown Regional Airport (ATY), Watertown, South Dakota. The flight was being conducted under 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 91 without a flight plan. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed. The pilot and passenger sustained fatal injuries. The local flight departed a private airstrip near Castlewood, South Dakota. The time of departure was not determined.

Witnesses at ATY observed the accident airplane in flight. One witness reported that he initially thought the pilot was inbound for landing. However, the airplane proceeded southwest of the airport and began “making erratic banks and turns.” He estimated that the airplane’s bank angles reached “80 to 90 degrees” at times. He stated that right before the accident, the pilot appeared to be “trying a turn like a spray pilot would make.” He noted that the airplane “went up and turned to the right and [it] went straight into the ground.” A second witness at ATY reported the airplane was “making extremely erratic maneuvers” about 300 – 500 feet above ground level (agl).

The airplane impacted an open field southwest of ATY between the airport perimeter fence and the intersection of 33rd Street and Golf Course Road.

PERSONNEL INFORMATION

The pilot held a private pilot certificate with a single-engine land airplane rating issued on August 24, 2009. He was issued a third-class airman medical certificate with a restriction for corrective lenses on May 13, 2009. This was the pilot's initial application and the certificate was issued as a medical certificate and student pilot certificate.

Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) records indicated that the accident pilot was involved in a fuel exhaustion incident on August 31, 2009; approximately 7 days after he was issued his private pilot certificate. The records noted that the pilot was conducting aerial photography when he ran out of fuel and executed a forced landing to a corn field. The pilot was not injured and the airplane sustained minor damage.

As a result of the incident, the FAA issued a 60-day suspension order on December 14, 2009. However, because the pilot had filed a report of the incident under the Aviation Safety Reporting Program, the suspension penalty was waived. The pilot successfully passed a reexamination check ride with an FAA inspector on January 14, 2010. The reexamination flight test was completed in the accident airplane.

On the application for the reexamination check ride, the pilot reported a total flight time of 407.6 hours, with approximately 400 hours in a Bellanca 7GCBC airplane. The pilot’s flight time logbook was not available to the NTSB.

AIRCRAFT INFORMATION

The accident airplane was a 1974 Bellanca 7GCBC, serial number 777-75. It was a single-engine, high wing airplane, with a conventional (tail wheel) landing gear configuration. The airplane was configured as two place aircraft in a tandem seating arrangement. It was powered by a 150-horsepower Lycoming O-320-A2D engine, serial number L-39251-27A. FAA registration records revealed that the accident pilot purchased the airplane in June 2009.

Maintenance records indicated that the most recent annual inspection was completed on May 1, 2010, at 4,270 hours total airframe time. The engine had accumulated 1,690 hours since overhaul. The maintenance records contained one additional entry for an engine oil change, dated May 16, 2010. An airplane flight time of 50.5 hours had elapsed between the annual inspection and the oil change. There was no record of any unresolved maintenance issues related to the accident airplane.

METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS

Weather conditions recorded by the Watertown Regional Airport (ATY) Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS), located within 1 mile of the accident site, at 1253 were: clear skies; wind from 180 degrees at 18 knots, gusting to 28 knots; 10 miles visibility; temperature 28 degrees Celsius (C); dew point 16 degrees C; and altimeter 29.78 inches of mercury.

At 1353, conditions were recorded as: clear skies; wind from 170 degrees at 20 knots, gusting to 28 knots; 10 miles visibility; temperature 29 degrees Celsius (C); dew point 17 degrees C; and altimeter 29.77 inches of mercury.

WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATION

The airplane impacted an open, grass covered field within one mile of ATY. It came to rest nose down on a west-northwest bearing. The aft fuselage/empennage was oriented upward at an approximate 70-degree angle to the ground. The damage and orientation of the airplane was consistent with a direct, nose down impact into the field.

The forward portion of the airplane was destroyed. The propeller and engine were embedded into the ground. The airframe was crushed to a point near the aft end of the cockpit/cabin. The wings were dislocated from the airframe. They remained in position adjacent to the fuselage and were lying approximately flat on the ground. The wings exhibited deformation along their entire spans. The left wing tip was partially separated from the remainder of the wing. The flaps and ailerons remained attached to the wings. Flight control continuity was confirmed from the control surfaces to the wing roots.

The aft fuselage structure appeared intact. The horizontal and vertical stabilizers appeared undamaged. The elevators and rudder remained attached to the stabilizers. Flight control continuity was confirmed from the rudder and elevators to the cockpit/cabin area.

Postaccident examination did not reveal any anomalies consistent with a preimpact failure or malfunction.

MEDICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL INFORMATION

An autopsy of the pilot was performed on May 30, 2010, at Altru Hospital, Grand Forks, North Dakota. The cause of death was attributed to traumatic injuries sustained in the accident.

The FAA Civil Aero Medical Institute (CAMI) toxicology report for the pilot stated:

178 (mg/dL, mg/hg) Ethanol detected in Vitreous

165 (mg/dL, mg/hg) Ethanol detected in Urine

144 (mg/dL, mg/hg) Ethanol detected in Blood

93 (mg/dL, mg/hg) Ethanol detected in Muscle

2 (mg/dL, mg/hg) N-Propanol detected in Blood

Quinine detected in Urine

The toxicology report also noted: "Putrefaction: No."

On his medical/student pilot certificate application, dated May 13, 2009, the pilot indicated "Yes" to a history of arrests and/or convictions involving driving while intoxicated by, while impaired by, or while under the influence of alcohol or a drug. In addition, he noted "Yes" to a history of non traffic conviction(s). He indicated "D.U.I. 7/11/06 and 8/26/04" and "Dis[orderly] conduct tickets for partys many years ago." He indicated "No" to "Alcohol dependence or abuse."

The FAA Medical Certification Division required and the pilot provided copies of the court records, a copy of his driving record, and an evaluation by a certified Substance Abuse Specialist in support of his medical certificate application. The pilot further submitted drug screen results as requested by the FAA, which indicated a "Negative" finding. The FAA subsequently notified the pilot that he was eligible for the third-class medical certificate issued. The FAA's notification letter also stated: "You are cautioned that any further alcohol related offenses or evidence of alcohol or drug abuse will require re-evaluation or possible denial of your medical certification."

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

FAA regulations (14 CFR 91.17) prohibit any person from piloting a civil aircraft while under the influence of alcohol, or while having a 0.04 or greater percent by weight of alcohol in their blood.

In addition, FAA regulations (14 CFR 91.303) prohibit aerobatic flight within the lateral boundaries of the surface area of Class E airspace designated for an airport, or below an altitude of 1,500 feet above the surface. For the purposes of this regulation, "aerobatic flight means an intentional maneuver involving an abrupt change in an aircraft's attitude, an abnormal attitude, or abnormal acceleration, not necessary for normal flight."

NTSB Probable Cause

The pilot's loss of airplane control while conducting aerobatic, low-altitude maneuvers. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's impairmant due to alcohol.